Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Essay - 735 Words

Over the past decade, advances in the field of cloning have allowed for the possibility of human cloning. By using the process of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), in which the DNA from an adult cell is transferred into an unfertilized egg, scientists have developed the ability to clone numerous types of animals related to humans. Cloning has proven to be useful in several areas of science, improving scientists understanding of the functions of genes and the cell cycle. In addition, scientists are on the path toward using cloning in order to create organs, tissues, and other technologies useful for the treatment of humans with serious diseases. On July 5, 1996, an adult sheep clone known as Dolly was created by using the somatic†¦show more content†¦Using Willadsens research, Wilmut and Campbell coated the cells with agar, which supplying the protection that was lost due to the removal of the zona pellucida (Lewis 2001). Another key improvement in cloning was the use of unfertilized oocytes in the making of the clone zygote rather than using enucleated fertilized eggs (Lewis 2001). Previously, scientists had used already fertilized eggs in order to create clone zygotes. However, this technique was ineffective because most cells did not survive longer than the blastocyst phase (Lewis 2001). By coordinating the cell cycles of the donor somatic nucleus and using immature unfertilized eggs, the newly fertilized oocytes were able to divide and develop beyond the stage of the blastocyst (Lewis 2001). The most important improvement in the method of cloning was Wilmut and Campbells control of the cell cycles of the donor cell nucleus (Chye 2001). They were able to cause the cells to enter G0, a stable stage from which to transfer the somatic cell nuclei, by removing the serum from the cells in the culture (Chye 2001). Since they were able to determine which stage the nuclei were from, the nuclei used to create the fertilized oocytes were in the proper phase of the cell cycle as to promote growth and development (Chye 2001). The embryo was then activated with the use of an electrical pulse, and left for several days to mature (Chye 2001). In the final step, the cultured embryo was implanted into theShow MoreRelatedIs Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer?1193 Words   |  5 PagesThe second way to get hESCs is by man-created. One technology of man-creating hESCs is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), commonly referred to as cloning. This technique is also used in therapeutic cloning, wh ich creates hESCs to treat or cure a patient with the disease. Since the created hESC contains DNA that’s virtually identical to the existing patient, this could eliminate the significant problem of tissue rejection, which could be the â€Å"impediment to the clinical success of regenerative medicineRead MoreTherapeutic Cloning And Its Controversy1313 Words   |  6 PagesTherapeutic Cloning and its Controversy The idea of finding a way to cure people of diseases with their own cells is one that scientists, physicians, and those who are afflicted by such diseases find very enticing. Therapeutic cloning is a process that scientists believe has the potential to achieve such goals in the future. While therapeutic cloning brings with it a variety of potential benefits and innovations, it also carries with it a polarizing ethical conflict that poses a strong impedimentRead MoreThe Human Of Human Cloning1098 Words   |  5 Pageshuman cells and tissues. There are two types of theoretical human cloning: reproductive cloning which would involve making an entire cloned human and the other, therapeutic cloning, which would involve cloning cells from a human for use in medicine and transplants by somatic-cell nuclear transfer or pluripotent stem cell induction. In reproductive cloning the entire genetic code is reproduced from a single body cell of an adult individual.  The most common cloning technique is somatic cell nuclearRead More Clones Essay1441 Words   |  6 Pagestechnologies. One of the biggest issues in the development of technology is cloning. The word clone is used in many different contexts in biological research but in its most simple and strict sense, it refers to a precise genetic copy of a molecule, cell, plant, animal, or human being.1 Human cloning has been a largely controversial focus in the area of cloning, mainly, the ethics of cloning. People have differed opinions about the ethics of cloning. Some people think that cloning is not morally rightRead MoreThe Human Of Human Cloning1100 Words   |  5 Pageshuman cells and tissues. There are two types of theoretical human cloning: reproductive cloning which would involve making an entire cloned human and the other, therapeutic cloning, which would involve cloni ng cells from a human for use in medicine and transplants by somatic-cell nuclear transfer or pluripotent stem cell induction. In reproductive cloning, the entire genetic code is reproduced from a single body cell of an adult individual.  The most common cloning technique is somatic cell nuclearRead MoreCloning for the Greater Good Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pagesembryonic stem cell research not only brings hope to people with diseases but also brings fear to many when the thought of clones walking the earth comes to mind. Therapeutic cloning is an advanced procedure also known as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) where DNA is removed from an egg and replaced with DNA from a somatic cell. After the DNA is transferred into the egg, the egg is shocked into thinking it was fertilized and cells start to divide. The fertilized egg or embryos stem cells are harvestedRead MoreThe For The Advancement Of Human Reproduction Essay2567 Words   |  11 Pagesterms of the health and survival of the individuals who will be a product of these manipulations as well as how evolution of humans will be affected throug h the manipulations. The two manipulations are: 1. Whole Organism Cloning using Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer, (SCNT.) 2. Embryo selection using Pre-implantation Genetic Profiling, (PGP.) SCNT Cloning by definition is the process of producing genetically identical individuals this can occur through many different artificial methods. However naturallyRead MoreEscape from Spiderhead by Dr. Abnesti Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pagestake every step of scientific development extremely seriously. As see from now, people are arguing about the contradiction between science and morality, moreover, that the power science has now is too enough to destroy us already, for instance the nuclear energy. The pros and cons from scientific development shape science itself, in some cases controversial. Plus, I think the scientific morality and power controlling are two big deals that needed to be controlled. Not to eliminate, but to make themRead MoreThe Fluidity Of Cloning : Gender Norms Racial Bias3913 Words   |  16 Pagesof producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually. Clon ing in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments, cells, or organisms. The term also refers to the production of multiple copies of a product such as digital media or software. Molecular cloning Molecular cloning refers to the process of making multiple molecules. Cloning is commonly used to amplify DNARead MoreEssay on Human Cloning Can Make Immortality a Reality4036 Words   |  17 Pagesrejuvenation poses a legitimate threat to society in ways unimagined by the general populace. The founder of Advanced Cell Technologies (ACT), Michael West, Ph.D., has grasped the breathtaking regenerative possibilities of somatic cell nuclear transfer and his team is currently experimenting with parthenogenesis to fully understand the process of oocyte fertilization (Cibelli et al, â€Å"Somatic† 25; Cibelli et al, â€Å"The First† 45). ACT is preparing for a far weightier issue than the present intense deliberation